Ask any millennial what they think of when you say the word âscientistâ and they will probably give you a description of an Einsteinesque figure wearing thick glasses and a white lab coat, tinkering with some chemicals or perhaps a microscope.
While there have been men and women, both old and young, of all races, shapes and sizes making incredible scientific discoveries for generations, the typecast of a scientist almost always comes back to the white, middle-aged man.
This British Science Week (5-14 March 2021) Northumberland Church of England Academy Trust is backing the #SmashingStereotypes campaign to show just how diverse the science, technology, engineering and maths (STEM) sectors actually are, and shine a light on some of the amazing career opportunities to be had within the industry.
Meet Danny â a girl in science
Daniela âDannyâ Schnitzler is a 27-year old PhD student at the University of Edinburgh.
Originally hailing from Vienna, Austria, Danny came to the UK to complete her undergraduate studies in Physiology at the University of Aberdeen before moving to the Scottish capital to pursue her doctorate.
Having nurtured an interest in science from an early age, Danny always knew she wanted to do something âa bit differentâ when she grew up.
âMy parents instilled a real love of learning in me from an early age,â Danny said.
âThey took me museums, encouraged me to read and watch documentaries â the first DVD I ever owned was BBCâs âWalking with Dinosaursâ. I watched it on repeat!
âI really wanted to be an archaeologist when I was little, but it was my natural curiosity about how things work which eventually pushed me toward biology.â
âLearn the book and youâll be okâ
Growing up in Vienna, where the school system is quite different to what we know in the UK, Danny was provided with a good, all-round education in a wide variety of subjects, although she confesses that her âterribleâ biology teacher did nothing to further her interest in science.
âThe curriculum in Austria isnât very flexible. Everyone studies the same subjects until theyâre 15 then you get to choose from just two academic routes â Mathematical where you can do 3D drawing and Italian; or Language, where you can study Latin and French. You donât drop any subjects, these just get added to your timetable until you leave school at 18.
âI loved school for the learning, but the system was just so restrictive, there wasnât the same level of opportunities for girls and boys.
âAlthough I enjoyed most subjects, I was still drawn towards science, but this was more to do with my parentsâ encouragement than my teacherâs â my biology teacher in particular was so uninspiring, it was just a case of âlearn the book and youâll be okâ.â
âIâve never been easily grossed out, except by little dead fish!â
Despite this, Danny was accepted onto the undergraduate Masters programme in Physiology (the study of how the body works) at the University of Aberdeen. Over the course of five years, Danny worked towards her MSci degree, gaining industry experience along the way which helped her to realise that she preferred the academic research element of biology more than its practical application in industry.
âThere were too many constraints in a commercial lab environment and although the salary would have been undoubtedly much better, I wanted the freedom to explore ideas.
âIâve never been easily grossed out, except by little dead fish, so working with live tissues in order to better understand how the human body works was always something that I knew I could do, I just needed to narrow in on a field of study.â
âIâll be a Doctor when I graduate, but the Ross Gellar kind, not a GP!â
PhD projects are typically put forward by the government or a charity, who will then fund a student to conduct research. In Dannyâs case, it was a project suggested by her supervisor that saw Danny relocate to Edinburgh to commence her research into the impact of stress during pregnancy in mammals and the likelihood of the offspring developing anxiety in later life.
âItâs a really fascinating piece of work – thereâs lots of research but also a big practical element too,â Danny explained.
âI spend a lot of time in the University lab, conducting experiments and analysing data. At the moment, Iâm studying my research model in rats, looking at the behaviour of pregnant females in different environments where theyâre exposed to stress and then studying their offspring to denote any behavioural changes as they mature.
âLots of people think that animal testing is cruel and inhumane, but itâs a necessary part of the progression of science. Without it, we wouldnât find cures for diseases and we certainly wouldnât have been able to roll out the Covid-19 vaccine as fast as we did.
âThe UK actually has the best standards in the world for the use of animals in laboratory environments. Every practitioner needs to be registered and every experimental plan needs to be pre-approved by a vet. Itâs so closely regulated, everything needs to be justified and recorded.â
Thatâs not to say that to have a career in science that you have to perform experiments using animals. There are a wide range of different study areas within biology alone which look at things like plants, viruses, bacteria and drug development.
âIf youâre curious about how things work, then science could be a good choice for youâ
When asked what advice she would give to a young person thinking about pursuing a career in the sciences, Danny said: âIt can be daunting at the age of 15/16 when youâre choosing your options to really think about what you want to do in the future. Iâd say, if youâre curious about how things work, then science could be a good choice for you. Plus, there are so many different paths you can go down with science, you can adapt as you go, so thereâs no such thing as âwrongâ choice.
âAnother thing Iâd say is, lots of people think that science is all academic, but actually, it can be creative too. When youâre designing experiments and trying different methods, creativity is a big part of the process.â
Girls who run the world
When sheâs not in the lab, Danny can usually be found at home or out walking in the Pentland Hills with her partner, Cameron, and their three dogs, Charlie, Sid and Harry. In what spare time she does get, Danny is a huge advocate of womenâs rights and runs her own ethical jewellery business online, where for every item she sells, another is donated to a womenâs shelter.
âAll of the jewellery I make is inspired by strong female figures from history, including scientists like Marie Curie, whose research into radiotherapy founded an early treatment for cancer and Hedy Lamarr, who pioneered the technology now used in WiFi and Bluetooth.
âIt would be great to see more young people and especially girls taking an interest in science â weâre very outnumbered in laboratories, especially in academic settings!â
To find out more about the British Science Week #SmashingStereotypes campaign, visit: https://www.britishscienceweek.org/